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by 張昭儀 2012-10-31 23:11:28, 回應(0), 人氣(616)
萬聖節 (Halloween) 是在每年的十月三十一日,當天晚上打扮得「鬼」模「鬼」樣,愈嚇人愈好。小孩子則忙著挨家挨戶要糖果,而且不忘說句「 Trick or treat, 」 (給糖吃,不然就搗蛋 )。  萬聖節究竟怎麼來的?其實在天主教會裡面,十一月一日是諸聖節 (All Saints Day),隔天十一月二日則為萬靈節(All Souls Day,或譯為追思亡者節 ),可以說是萬聖節的起源。  天主教會將一些生前具有超高德性的信徒封為聖人,以表彰那些信徒,並立為其他信徒所遵循的模範。但因為具有非凡德性的信徒其實不少,只是不為人知而已,對於那些沒沒無聞的人來說,教會未將其立為聖人,好像有點不公平,所以在諸聖節那天,紀念所有被教會冊封的聖人及應該被封為聖人卻未被封聖的信徒。  其實,早在西元前數世紀,凱爾特人(Celts,居住在蘇格蘭、威爾斯及愛爾蘭等地)便在十月三十一日的時候,慶祝一個名為「 Samhain 」的節日。因為在十月底,活人世界跟死人世界之間的界線會變得模糊,因此死人的靈魂很容易進入活人的世界,跟我們農曆七月開鬼門的傳說很像。在那一天,大家會穿著奇裝異服,在外面遊行,希望能把外面的孤魂野鬼給嚇跑。  至於南瓜燈的由來,與愛爾蘭的一個傳說有關。相傳古時候有個人名叫 Jack,一天到晚喝醉酒。有一天大概又喝醉了,竟然將撒旦哄到樹上,又叫撒旦在樹上刻了一個十字架,結果撒旦被困在樹上下不來。後來Jack 就跟撒旦談條件,如果撒旦能保證他死後不會進地獄,就會把撒旦弄下來,撒旦果真答應。然而他不入地獄,卻也進不了天堂,只好在黑暗世界中不停地遊蕩。撒旦給他一個大頭菜挖空做成的燈籠,裡面放著炭火,讓他在黑暗的世界中能夠找到路。  這種燈籠稱為 Jack-o-Lantern,愛爾蘭人在慶祝萬聖節時,都會提這種燈籠。本來是用大頭菜 (turnip )做的,後來愛爾蘭人移民到美國之後,發現用南瓜來雕刻更加容易,所以大頭菜燈就變成了南瓜燈。  至於 Halloween 這個字的意思,是從 All Hallows Eve (Hallows 指聖人 )而來,即指十一月一日諸聖節的前一天晚上。
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by 張昭儀 2012-02-19 17:38:01, 回應(0), 人氣(930)
飯 類稀飯 Rice porridge  白飯 Plain white rice  油飯 Glutinous oil rice 糯米飯 Glutinous rice   滷肉飯 Braised pork rice 蛋炒飯    Fried rice with egg  麵 類餛飩麵 Wonton & noodles 刀削麵 Sliced noodles  麻辣麵Spicy hot noodles 麻醬麵 Sesame paste noodles  鴨肉麵 Duck with noodles 鵝肉麵 Goose with noodles   鱔魚麵 Eel noodles  烏龍麵Seafood noodles 榨菜肉絲麵  Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 蚵仔麵線   Oyster thin noodles  板條 Flat noodles  米粉 Rice noodles 炒米粉  Fried rice noodles  冬粉 Green bean noodle 湯 類魚丸湯 Fish ball soup 貢丸湯Meat ball soup  蛋花湯 Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊湯 Clams soup  蚵仔湯Oyster soup  紫菜湯 Seaweed soup 酸辣湯 Sweet & sour soup  餛飩湯Wonton soup  豬腸湯Pork intestine soup 肉羹湯 Pork thick soup   花枝湯 Squid soup 花枝羹 Squid thick soup 甜 點愛玉  Vegetarian gelatin  糖葫蘆 Tomatoes on sticks 芝麻球 Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花     Hemp flowers 雙胞胎    Horse hooves 冰 類綿綿冰    Mein mein ice  紅豆牛奶冰  Red bean with milk ice 八寶冰    Eight treasures ice  豆花     Tofu pudding 果 汁甘蔗汁 Sugar cane juice   酸梅汁Plum juice  楊桃汁 Star fruit juice 青草茶 Herb juice 點 心蚵仔煎Oyster omelet  棺材板 Coffin  臭豆腐  Stinky tofu 油豆腐 Oily bean curd  麻辣豆腐   Spicy hot bean curd 天婦羅 Tenpura  蝦片 Prawn cracker 蝦球  Shrimp balls 春捲 Spring rolls  雞捲 Chicken rolls  碗糕 Salty rice pudding 筒仔米糕   Rice tube pudding 紅豆糕    Red bean cake 綠豆糕    Bean paste cake 豬血糕    Pigs blood cake 糯米糕    Glutinous rice cakes 蘿蔔糕    Fried white radish patty 芋頭糕    Taro cake 肉圓     Taiwanese Meatballs 水晶餃    Pyramid dumplings  肉丸     Rice-meat dumplings 豆干     Dried tofu 其 他燒餅 Clay oven rolls 油條 Fried bread stick  韭菜盒 Fried leek dumplings 水餃 Boiled dumplings 蒸餃 Steamed dumplings  饅頭 Steamed buns 割包 Steamed sandwich  飯糰 Rice and vegetable roll  蛋餅     Egg cakes  皮蛋     100-year egg 鹹鴨蛋    Salted duck egg    豆漿     Soybean milk 米漿     Rice & peanut milk   當歸鴨    Angelica duck     檳榔   Betel nut
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by 張昭儀 2011-12-18 19:54:32, 回應(0), 人氣(627)

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by 張昭儀 2011-12-17 21:56:00, 回應(0), 人氣(574)
Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was published. It was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.
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by 張昭儀 2011-12-17 21:34:45, 回應(0), 人氣(578)
  Pui Shing: A Very Moral School  
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